Table 1 General characteristics and cardio-metabolic factors of study participants across tertiles of DRRD score¹

Sex, n (%)

0.33

 Boys

27 (42.9)

38 (55.9)

36 (50.0)

 Girls

36 (57.1)

30 (44.1)

36 (50.0)

Age (year)

14.00 ± 1.61

13.78 ± 1.48

14.15 ± 1.72

0.39

Weight (kg)

75.23 ± 11.03

73.13 ± 10.69

72.29 ± 12.83

0.32

BMI (kg/m²)

27.71 ± 2.85

27.26 ± 2.51

27.14 ± 4.08

0.57

Waist circumference (cm)

91.78 ± 6.94

90.18 ± 7.22

89.20 ± 9.21

0.17

Physical activity levels, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Sedentary

47 (74.6)

31 (45.6)

11 (15.3)

 Low-active

15 (23.8)

34 (50.0)

28 (38.9)

 Active

1 (1.6)

3 (4.4)

33 (45.8)

Socioeconomic status³, n (%)

0.06

 Low

21 (33.3)

23 (33.8)

15 (20.8)

 Medium

32 (50.8)

23 (33.8)

35 (48.6)

 High

10 (15.9)

22 (32.4)

22 (30.6)

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

115.62 ± 10.67

113.56 ± 21.86

109.35 ± 19.69

0.13

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

75.64 ± 6.31

73.52 ± 12.97

71.60 ± 12.92

0.12

 Fasting blood glucose level (mg/dL)

103.11 ± 9.21

98.40 ± 6.99

93.53 ± 6.49

 < 0.001

 Insulin (μUI/mL)

25.80 ± 16.19

19.97 ± 9.25

16.15 ± 10.09

 < 0.001

 HOMA-IR index

6.56 ± 4.09

4.89 ± 2.48

3.79 ± 2.55

 < 0.001

 Triglycerides (mg/dL)

156.83 ± 79.66

116.43 ± 57.48

96.65 ± 46.77

 < 0.001

 HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

41.83 ± 7.63

44.94 ± 7.28

47.33 ± 7.96

 < 0.001